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Paronychia - Supparative, or pus-forming, inflammation of the nail fold, or the soft tissues at the proximal and lateral margins of the nail. This commonly results in separation of the skin from the proximal nail.
The inflammation can be caused by bacterial or fungal infections. There are two forms of paronychia:
Acute paronychia is commonly caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The nail fold is swollen, erythematous, painful, and may be associated with an abscess or overlying cellulitis. Treatment involves incision and drainage of any fluctuance, or fluid-containing cavity, and pharmacologic therapy toward the suspected organism. Acute paronychia is not a precursor for chronic involvement.
Chronic paronychia is usually caused by Candida albicans. Chronic paronychia is often preceded by maceration or trauma and can have an insidious onset. Erythema, swelling, loss of epidermis, and separation of the nail plate from the nail fold is seen with nail fold retraction. The resultant break in the epidermis results in a compromised seal between the nail plate and the nail fold and the pocket of moisture that forms promotes the growth of bacteria and fungi. Chronic paronychia most commonly occurs in those who perform “wet” work (bartenders, janitors, dish-washers). Treatment involves avoidance of further trauma and exposure to water as well as a topical antifungal medication.
From http://missinglink.ucsf.edu/lm/DermatologyGlossary/paronychia.htmlFrom:
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